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Job
Search Tips 
Cover Letters
Resumes
Reference Page
Salary History
Salary Negotiations
Letters of Resignation
Letters of Recommendation
Employer
Requests
Interviewing
Job Search Strategies
Career Links
COVER LETTERS
A cover letter
serves three purposes: it accompanies your resume, introduces you,
and generates employer interest in interviewing you. The cover letter
is as much of a marketing tool as the resume itself. It must have
a good layout and design, be neat, concise, well organized, and
follow an acceptable business letter format. It should consist of
three paragraphs. It should be geared to solving a prospective employer's
problems. It should be accomplishment-based and contain new information
that is not covered in the resume.
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RESUMES
A resume is more than just
a summary of your work experience. A well written resume is an effective marketing
tool positioning you above your competition. Its primary function is to get you an
interview. It needs to highlight your special skills and accomplishments, while being
concise and visually appealing. It should be set up to catch the reader's attention
immediately as most resumes are given 8-30 seconds on the first reading. It has to
present enough information to convince the reader that you merit an interview and
to give direction to the interview.
The Write Stuff
By Sally McIntosh. Originally
published at www.resume-resources.com
Years ago no one needed a résumé. All
anyone had to do was fill out an application. The system worked. Right? Wrong. Employers
started asking for one-page résumés to find out more about the prospective employee.
That was enough. Right? Wrong.
Why didn't the system work? Employers were not getting enough information with applications
and, in many cases, with one-page resumes. Without enough of the right kind of information
employers were not calling the right people to interview. They were hiring the wrong
people. Hiring the right person for a job is costly to a company. There is much down
time when a company has to advertise, interview, hire, and train a new employee. It
takes some time for a new hire to get up to speed in the job. Then, if a company hires
the wrong person the down time is compounded.
Today employers are looking for a lot of information in a résumé. Of course, they
want to know who you have worked for and for how long. But what else are they looking
for?
Summary of Qualifications. Why are you qualified to do a
particular job? What makes you unique? Why should you be hired over
someone else? What skills do you have for the position?
Job Description. Don't tell them what they already know.
If you are a forklift driver they know that you can drive a forklift.
Did you train others? How well did you drive that forklift? Did
you contribute positively to the company safety standards? Were
you able to keep up with the production or packing lines? Were you
able to store the product in the right places? The list of possible
information is endless.
Education. Did you graduate from high school or college?
Do you have an advanced degree or certification? Do you have any
additional training or continuing education? Are you computer literate?
Can you speak or read a foreign language? There are lots of things
that can go under education.
Do you belong to any professional associations or are you
involved in your community? Do you hold any positions in those organizations?
Do you coach Little League? Do you volunteer at the Women's Crisis
Center? This is the "write stuff" to include in your résumé.
A prospective employer is much more likely to interview the person
he knows the most about. With this type of information in your résumé,
you are most likely the one who will be contacted for an interview.
I have the expertise to prepare
scannable and e-mail resumes as well as those for Internet database use. I can give
you an effective resume to assist you in gaining the success you deserve. It takes
two to write a resume - one with the expertise and the other with the information
that needs to be effectively presented.
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REFERENCE PAGE
Does everyone need a reference page? No. Then why have one? Because it makes you look
professional, organized, and serious about your job search.
Envision this. You are finishing up an interview and it seems to be going well. The
interviewer says to you, "Do you have some references we could contact?" You say,
"Sure. Do you have a piece of paper? My friend said I could use him." You start writing
and then you say, "Uh, do you have a phone book? I can't remember John's address."
Or try this. You are finishing up an interview and it seems to be going well. The
interviewer says to you, "Do you have some references we could contact?" You say,
"Sure. Let me get it out of my briefcase." You hand the interviewer a typed list of
all of your references. Cool huh? VERY professional.
What goes on a reference page? You need to include three to five business references.
Who should serve as your references? Anyone you were employed by who can honestly
attest to your work habits. This eliminates your neighbor, your minister, and your
brother-in-law. If you are with a company that does not permit supervisors to serve
as references, try to find a coworker or a former supervisor who has left the company.
Make sure that whomever you use, he will say only nice things about you. If you are
in doubt, do not use him.
How should I list them? You need to provide their title and all contact information
- addresses as well as phone numbers. Most companies will telephone your references.
It is quicker than using the mail and, normally, they can get more information about
you. Put your best reference first. There has to be a direct correlation between the
references and the jobs listed on the résumé. If someone was your supervisor at ABC
Company and is no longer there you need to tell the reader: John Smith, Foreman, DEF
Company (formerly Supervisor, ABC Company). You need to show the direct link.
Be sure that you get a copy of your résumé to all of your references. It makes them
better and more targeted if they can see what you put on the résumé for the job they
are attesting to. It may have been a few years ago and they do not remember everything
that you did. This way you have refreshed their memories and they are not going to
say something contrary to what is in the résumé. Make your references count.
Originally published at
www.resume-resources.com
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SALARY HISTORY
You have to add up your total
compensation package of cash and extras. There is a difference between take home pay
and a total compensation package. Put your salary in its best light.
Take your base pay + estimated
bonus + next raise (if soon) + the value of your extras (company auto plus mileage
per year + matching contribution to company sponsored retirement plan + life and health
insurance + any other company compensation or benefits) = Your Compensation Package.
Give your salary history on
a separate sheet of paper or in your cover letter, but never in the resume. Use the
same heading as your cover letter and/or resume. No matter what an employer asks for,
you can always give him less. Some people give information only on their last job
or the last ten years. Normally salary tables give each employer's name, followed
by your title, dates of employment, and ending salary:
XYZ Company, Denver, Colorado,
1990-1998 Store Manager Salary: $47,000 plus incentives and bonus
Another way of handling it is
to say something in your cover letter:
"Base salary was in the mid
40s, plus a good benefits package and bonus - amounting to considerably more."
Salary data is considered
by many to be exclusionary. That means it will be used to eliminate
you from consideration - unless you are underpaid and applying to
a new employer who wants to underpay you. If you make too much,
then he will think that you would be unhappy with his company. If
you make too little he will undervalue your claimed experience and
skills. If you used to make more than you do now, he will think
you are a poor risk. If you are comfortable providing salary information
then give it but if you are not, you are not alone.
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SALARY NEGOTIATIONS
You should avoid providing any
salary information before an interview; then let them bring up the topic first. Respond
to any questions about your salary requirements with a question about their salary.
"What range did you have in mind for this position?" Always negotiate salaries in
person and whenever possible delay the negotiations until they have made you a solid
job offer.
An offer is just that. It isn't
necessarily written in stone and can more often than not be negotiated. If the salary
is a bit too low, perhaps they'll consider an early salary review or a raise after
six months. If benefits start after three months of employment, perhaps they might
waive the three months or maybe pay for your private benefit plans until you go on
theirs. As for vacation, this is usually a fixed policy, but not as fixed as it may
seem. Many times (especially at the management level) the waiting period for the third
or fourth week is waived. Also find out how much vacation you're entitled to in the
first year. That may also be negotiable.
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LETTERS OF RESIGNATION
Always submit a letter of resignation.
Deliver it the
same day that you verbally inform your boss that you will be leaving.
It will document the fact that you are leaving and verify that you
did, in fact, notify your employer well ahead of time. Date the
letter of resignation and give the exact date of your last day at
work there. Say nice things about the company and thank them for
the opportunities you received there. This is not the time to vent
anger and hostility. You may need them as a reference in the future.
Send it directly to your boss but also send a copy to your Personnel
Department.
I can assist in drafting your
resignation letter so you will leave on a high note.
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LETTERS OF RECOMMENDATION
Sometimes people are more than
willing to write a letter of recommendation for you but do not know what to put in
it. You can help them and yourself by reading on.
The letter should consist of three paragraphs written on company stationary. The writer
of the letter of recommendation needs to demonstrate his credentials. How was her
position relative to you? How long did he have direct contact with you? How closely
did he supervise or observe you? The writer should then address your job responsibilities,
skills, judgment, work habits, productivity, and business knowledge. It can end with
a suggestion to telephone for more information.
When should I use a letter of recommendation? You can take copies of them with you
to an interview. You can put them in a binder in plastic sheet protectors to show
to an interviewer.
How much weight do they carry? Let's face it, the only letters of recommendation that
you will show to anyone are good ones. Interviewers know this. They still prefer to
contact your references personally. However, in the event that you have lost track
of supervisors from a long time ago, it is a good idea to obtain letters of reference
throughout your working career.
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EMPLOYER REQUESTS
If an ad reads as follows, do I need to supply everything?
WANTED. Full-time customer service rep. Must be proficient in Word and Excel and possess
excellent communication skills. Submit résumé, references, salary history, and salary
requirements.
You need to submit a résumé. A cover letter would help. It is one more opportunity
to promote yourself for the position. To submit references at this time is counterproductive.
You do not want to deal with a prospective employer who would call your references
prior to interviewing you. To submit salary requirements now is meaningless. How do
you know what your salary requirements are if you have not had the opportunity to
talk with the prospective employer about the job requirements? A better idea is to
say, in your cover letter, that you will provide this information when you have found
out more about the job, or at interview.
Now salary history is another topic unto itself. To willingly give your salary history
is akin to shooting yourself in the foot. If you have a strong enough résumé you do
not ever need to submit your salary history. Maybe you are grossly underpaid now and
are looking for a new position to better your pay. You definitely do not want to let
them know what you are currently making or what you have made in the past unless you
want to be underpaid again. On the other hand, maybe you are currently making far
more than this position pays but like the sound of the company or like the location
and are willing to take less in compensation. Either way, you do not want to divulge
your salary history. Companies that ask for salary history are asking for it to eliminate
you from consideration. Unless you know exactly what they are going pay you will come
in either too high or too low. Employers rarely get everything they ask for.
Some recruiters deliberately ask for references, salary history, and salary requirements
just to see how job savvy the candidates are.
Originally published at www.resume-resources.com
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INTERVIEWING
Cringe. An interview. Ugh! Guess what? Most interviewers feel the same way. Very few
people who actually do interviewing have little, if any, training or background in
it.
So now what do you do? You take the lead or the initiative. It is up to you to get
enough information on the table so that you will be the person who is hired. It is
up to you to keep the interview targeted on what you need to tell them so they can
make a good hiring decision. A bad hiring decision does not benefit anyone. It is
not to the company's advantage to make the wrong decision. Remember you need to develop
topics that are of interest to the company. They do not care what you want.
They do care what you can do for them. You need to figure out what information you
want them to hear. It does not matter if you are an hourly line worker or the president
of a company. Once you come up with six or eight questions you need to develop a two
to three minute sound bite on each of them and include an accomplishment for each
topic. For example, maybe you want them to know that you have contributed to the company's
safety record. You would tell them that in seven years you have never had an accident.
This is an accomplishment. You would then go on to tell them how you have avoided
accidents in the workplace, that you served on the Safety Committee, and that you
made thus and so recommendations to the company that were acted on. Now you have a
nice, neat little package to present at the interview. Practice it over and over again
until it sounds natural. Practice on friends and family. Remember, your next job is
depending on your presentation.
Always arrive ten minutes before the scheduled time for the interview. Come prepared
with at least five extra copies of your résumé to distribute at the interview. There
is no guarantee that the interviewer will have your résumé in front of him or that
he even read it. You never know how many people will be involved in the interview.
Don't forget to bring your list of references and maybe even a well done portfolio
(scrapbook) of your noteworthy job activities.
Originally published at www.resume-resources.com
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JOB SEARCH STRATEGIES
Did you know that only 17% of
the positions available are listed in the newspaper? I can assist you with networking
strategies, broadcast mailings, dealing with recruiters, and Internet job searches.
I have many resources at my disposal.
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Advantage
Resumes LLC in St. Louis
URL: http://www.reswriter.com
E-mail: sally@reswriter.com
Copyright
© 1998-2010
All Rights Reserved
11921
H Villa Dorado Drive - St. Louis, MO 63146
US Toll-Free: 888-919-9909
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Sally McIntosh,
professional résumé writer, provides expert resume writing when she
writes a resume. We make a resume for you. We give you a resume tip, resume help,
or a free resume sample, or a free resume and cover letter sample. A sample resume
or a free resume sample or a free resume example shows a current resume format or
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cover letter nor do we provide a free resume template nor do we do a 10 minute resume
nor do we use resume software. All of our resumes and cover letters are custom designed.
We target our resumes with or without a resume objective. If you are asked to send
a resume fax, make sure it is clear and the page is not crowded. We can give you an
online résumé.
At this resume
service, we can create resumes for a teacher resume, an executive resume, a customer
service resume, a nursing resume, an electronic resume, accounting resume, sales resume,
college resume, student resume, IT resume, it resume, nurse resume, or any type of
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